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UPCOMING BOXING SCHEDULE

SAT, OCT 13

Zolani Tete vs. Mikhail Aloyan

Ekaterinburg, Russia

SAT, OCT 20

Gavin McDonnell vs. Daniel Roman

TBA Los Angeles, California, USA

SAT, OCT 20

Demetrius Andrade vs. Billy Joe Saunders

Boston, Massachusetts, USA

SUN, OCT 21

Randy Petalcorin vs. Felix Alvarado

Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

SAT, OCT 27

Dominic Boesel vs. Enrico Koelling

Stadthalle, Weissenfels, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany

SAT, OCT 27

Terry Flanagan vs. Regis Prograis

New Orleans, Louisiana, USA

SAT, OCT 27

Kubrat Pulev vs. Hughie Fury

Sofia, Bulgaria

SAT, NOV 10

Daniel Jacobs vs. Sergiy Derevyanchenko

Nassau Coliseum, Uniondale, New York, USA

The UFC (Ultimate Fighting Championship) is a US mixed martial arts company based in Las Vegas, Nevada, owned and operated by parent company William Morris Endeavor. It is the largest MMA promotion company in the world and includes the best-ranked fighters on the list. The UFC produces events around the world that present twelve weight divisions and conform to the unified rules of mixed martial arts. By 2018, the UFC had organized more than 400 events. Dana White is president of the UFC. White has been in this position since 2001; Under his leadership, the UFC has become a multi-billion dollar global business.

The first event took place in 1993 at the McNichols Sports Arena in Denver, Colorado. The objective of the first competitions of the Ultimate Fighting Championship was to identify the most effective martial art in a competition with minimum rules between competitors from different disciplines such as boxing, Brazilian jiu-jitsu, sambo, wrestling, muay. Thai, Karate, and Judo. In later events, the fighters began to adopt effective techniques from various disciplines, which indirectly helped to create a totally separate fighting style, known as the current mixed martial arts. In 2016, the UFC parent company, Zuffa, was sold to a group led by William Morris Endeavor (WME - IMG) for $ 4.2 billion.

With an agreement on television and expansion in Australia, Asia, Europe and new markets in the United States, the popularity of UFC has increased and media coverage has increased. The promotion generated total revenues of $ 609 million in 2015, and its next national broadcasting rights agreement with ESPN was valued at $ 1.5 billion over a five-year period.

Start of the competition: early 90's.

Royce Gracie used Brazilian jiu-jitsu in the early years of the UFC to defeat larger and more powerful opponents.

Art Davie offered John Milius and Rorion Gracie an eight-man elimination tournament called "The War of the Worlds." The tournament was inspired by the video series Gracies in Action, produced by the Brazilian family Gracie, in which Gracie jiu-jitsu students defeated martial arts masters from various disciplines such as karate, kung fu, and kickboxing. The tournament would also feature martial artists from different disciplines who would compete without problems to determine the best martial art and aim to replicate the emotion of the matches that Davie has seen in the videos. Milius, a renowned director, and screenwriter, as well as a student of Gracie, has agreed to play the role of creative director of the event. The corporate plan was drafted by Davie and 28 investors provided the initial capital needed to launch WOW Promotions to transform the tournament into a television franchise.

In 1993, WOW Promotions sought a television partner and approached pay-TV producers TVKO (HBO) and SET (Showtime), as well as Campbell McLaren and David Isaacs at Semaphore Entertainment Group (SEG). TVKO and SET declined, but SEG, a pioneer in pay-per-view television, which produced such jarring events as a tennis match between Jimmy Connors and Martina Navratilova, became a WOW partner in May 1993. The SEG contacted the video and the film Artistic director Jason Cusson designed the brand "Octagon", the centerpiece of the event. Cusson continued to be the production designer through UFC 27. SEG designed the program's name as The Ultimate Fighting Championship.

On November 12, 1993, WOW Promotions and SEG produced the first event, later called UFC 1, at the McNichols Sports Arena in Denver, Colorado. Art Davie was the one who booked and the matchmaker of the show. The program proposed to find an answer to the questions of sports fans, such as: "Can a fighter beat a boxer?" As with most martial arts at that time, wrestlers generally had skills in one discipline and had little experience against opponents with different abilities. The television show featured boxers Patrick Smith and Kevin Rosier, wild wrestler Gerard Gordeau, karate expert Zane Frazier, shooter Ken Shamrock, sumo wrestler Teila Tuli, boxer Art Jimmerson and black Jiu-jitsu belt Brazilian Royce Gracie: 79 kg younger brother of the co-founder of UFC Rorion, whom Rorion chose to represent his family in the competition. The skills of submission of Royce Gracie proved to be the most effective of the inaugural tournament, which allowed him to win the first championship of the UFC tournament after presenting successively to Jimmerson, Shamrock, and Gordeau. The show was a great success with 86,592 pay-per-view subscribers.

It is disputed if the promoters wanted the event to become a precursor of a series of future events. "This program was supposed to be one piece," said Dana White, president of the UFC. "Pay-per-view television worked so well that they decided to do another, and another, never in a million years, these guys had thought about creating a sport." Art Davie, in his 2014 book Is This Legal? A review of the creation of the first UFC event challenges the perception that WFC Promotions and SEG saw UFC as a unique event, with SEG offering a development agreement for WOW. "It is clear that Campbell and Meyrowitz clearly shared my belief that War of the Worlds [note 1] would be a continuous series of combat tournaments, a franchise rather than a one-night stand."

In the absence of weight classes, wrestlers often had to face considerably larger or larger opponents. Keith "The Giant Killer" Hackney faced Emmanuel Yarbrough in UFC 3 with a height disadvantage of 23 cm (9 in) and a weight of 400 pounds (180 kg). Many martial artists believed that the technique could overcome these size disadvantages and that an experienced fighter could use the size and strength of an opponent against him. With 175 kg (79 kg), Royce Gracie won three of the first four events, the UFC quickly proved that his size did not always determine the outcome of the fight.

During this first part of the organization, the UFC would present a multitude of styles and different fighters. In addition to the aforementioned Royce Gracie, Ken Shamrock and Patrick Smith, the competitions included competitors such as the Hall of Famer Dan Severn, Marco Ruas, Gary Goodridge, Don Frye, Kimo Leopoldo, Oleg Taktarov and Tank Abbott. Although the first events were dominated by jiu-jitsu, other styles of struggle were successful: the first fight, then the land and the pound, kickboxing, boxing, and dirty boxing, which are subsequently transformed into modern mixed martial arts.

In April of 1995, after UFC 5 in Charlotte, North Carolina, Davie and Gracie sold their franchise participation in SEG and dissolved WOW Promotions. Davie continued with SEG as the booker and matchmaker of the series, as well as curator of Ultimate Fighting, until December 1997.

The appearance of stricter rules.

The "big" referees of John McCarthy like Tank Abbott put Cal Worsham against the cage in Ultimate Ultimate 1996

Although the UFC used the slogan "There are no rules" in the early 1990s, the UFC actually operated with limited rules. It prohibited eye bites and stupor and allowed techniques such as pulling hair, head restraints, groin hits, and fish.

In a qualifying match for UFC 4, competitors Jason Fairn and Guy Mezger agreed not to cut their hair because both had a ponytail tied behind their backs. This same event saw Keith Hackney and Joe Son compete, during which Hackney threw a series of groin shots at Son while he was on the ground.

The UFC had a reputation, especially at the beginning, for an extremely violent event, as evidenced by a withdrawal at the beginning of the UFC 5 broadcast, which warned the public against the violent nature of the sport.

UFC 5 also introduced the first singles game, a rematch of the first UFC edition with three champions Royce Gracie and Ken Shamrock, titled "The Superfight." This proved to be an important development since the individual matches will include the fighters who did not suffer damage in a previous fight in the same event, unlike the tournament matches. Individual matches would become an essential part of the UFC in the coming years.

"The Superfight" debuted as a game outside the tournament that would determine the first UFC title champion to face; then it became a coincidence that could include matches of titles or not. The "Superfight" would eventually eliminate the tournament matches completely; by UFC Brazil, UFC eliminated the tournament format for a full map of individual matches (with the exception of a single UFC Japan tournament with Japanese wrestlers). UFC 6 was the first event that featured the great achievement of the UFC tournament champion, Ken Shamrock.

Controversy and reform: end of the 90s.

The violent nature of this emerging sport quickly attracted the attention of the American authorities.

In 1996, Sen. John McCain (R-AZ) watched a tape of the first UFC events and immediately considered it hateful. McCain himself led a campaign to ban the UFC, calling it "human combat," and even sent letters to the governors of the 50 US states. UU Calling them to ban the event.

Thirty-six states have enacted laws prohibiting "no taboo" fighting, including in New York, which banned the eve of UFC 12, forcing them to move to Dothan, Alabama. The UFC continued to broadcast on DirecTV PPV, although its audience remained at a minimum level compared to the main pay-per-view cable platforms of the time.

In response to criticism, the UFC has strengthened its cooperation with the state sports commissions and has redefined its rules to eliminate less pleasing combat elements, while retaining the essential elements of hitting and fighting. UFC 12 saw the introduction of weight classes and the prohibition of catching fish. For UFC 14, gloves are mandatory, while shooting at the head of a defeated opponent is prohibited. UFC 15 found limitations in hair removal and banning of back and neck bumps, head shots, manipulation of small joints and groin bumps. With the five-minute series introduced at UFC 21, the UFC has gradually become a sport rather than a show.

Directed by UFC commissioner Jeff Blatnick and referee John McCarthy, the UFC continued to work with state sports commissions. Blatnick, McCarthy and matchmaker Joe Silva have created a manual of policies, procedures, codes of conduct and rules to help the UFC be sanctioned by sports commissions, many of which exist to this day. Blatnick and McCarthy have traveled the country educating regulators and changing the perceptions of a sport that is considered bloodthirsty and inhumane. In April 2000, his movement had clearly had an impact. California would become the first state in the United States to sign an encoded set of rules governing MMA. Soon after, New Jersey adopted the language.

As the UFC continued to work with the sports commissions, events were held in smaller markets and locations in the United States, such as the Lake Charles Civic Center. The markets included mostly rural and lesser-known states to organize professional sporting events, such as Iowa, Mississippi, Louisiana, Wyoming, and Alabama. SEG was unable to obtain the video outputs for UFC 23 through UFC 29. Along with other mixed martial arts promotions that work to obtain US approval. UU., The International Combat Championship (IFC) won the first mixed martial arts event sanctioned in New Jersey. On September 30, 2000, just two months later, the UFC organized its first UFC 28 event sanctioned under the "Unified Rules" of the New Jersey State Athletic Control Board.

When the rules of the UFC began to evolve, it was the same for its field of competitors. Mark Coleman, Randy Couture, Pat Miletich, Chuck Liddell, Matt Hughes and Tito Ortiz, along with notables Vitor Belfort, Mark Kerr, Pedro Rizzo, Murilo Bustamante and Frank Shamrock, also appear among UFC fighters Mikey Burnett, Jeremy Horn, Pete Williams, Jens Pulver, Evan Tanner, Andrei Arlovski and Wanderlei Silva, among others.

Era de Zuffa: early 2000

After the long battle for sanctions, SEG was on the verge of bankruptcy when Station Casinos executives, Frank, and Lorenzo Fertitta, and their business partner, Dana White, offered them an offer to buy the UFC. A month later, in January 2001, Fertitta bought the UFC for $ 2 million and created Zuffa, LLC as the main controller of the UFC.

"My lawyers told me I was crazy because I did not buy anything, I paid $ 2 million and they said," What are you getting? " Revealed Lorenzo Fertitta to Fighter's Only magazine, recalling the lack of assets acquired during the purchase. And I said, "What you do not understand is that I'm getting the most valuable thing I can have, which are these three letters: UFC, that's what will make this work." Everyone knows this brand, like it or does not like it, they react to her. "

In liaison with the Nevada State Sports Commission (Lorenzo Fertitta was a member of NSAC), Zuffa was sanctioned in Nevada in 2001. Soon after, UFC returned to pay-per-view television with UFC 33. Presenting three championship fights.

Fight for survival and recovery.

UFC has been gaining popularity slowly but steadily after the purchase of Zuffa, thanks in part to increased publicity, corporate sponsorship, return to cable television and subsequent releases of personal videos and videos. DVD.

With larger doors live in casinos such as the Trump Taj Mahal and the MGM Grand Garden Arena, the UFC has signed its first television deal with Fox Sports Net. The best moment of this bloody sports program was broadcast in June 2002 for the First mixed martial arts match on US cable television, as well as for the main event starring Chuck Liddell against Vitor Belfort at UFC 37.5. Later, FSN will air UFC television shows with one-hour blocks of the biggest UFC fights.

Ken Shamrock, a member of the UFC Hall of Fame, was instrumental in transforming the UFC into a mass sport.

The UFC 40 has proven to be the most critical event of the Zuffa era to date. The event sold to almost 13,022 spectators at the MGM Grand Arena and sold 150,000 "a la carte" purchases, a rate roughly twice that of Zuffa's previous events. The event included a title card for a long-awaited championship game between former UFC heavyweight champion Tito Ortiz and former UFC Superfight champion Ken Shamrock, who had already left the WWE for the fight before returning to MMA. This was the first time that the UFC got such a high rating since it was condemned to "clandestinity" in 1997. UFC 40 also attracted the attention of the general public through mass media such as ESPN and USA Today. , unfathomable thing for mixed martial arts in time. Many have suggested that the success of UFC 40 and the anticipation of Ortiz against Shamrock saved the UFC from bankruptcy. the purchase price of Zuffa's previous shows averaged only 45,000 purchases per event and the company suffered heavy monetary losses. The success of UFC 40 gave hope to the UFC and kept alive the hope that mixed martial arts could be important. Beyond the rivalry itself, the success of UFC 40 was due in part to the marketing and outreach power of cross-country athletes, from Pro Wrestling to MMA and from MMA to Pro Wrestling, a practice that has its roots. at the Pride Wrestling Championships in Japan. John McCarthy, a longtime UFC referee, said he believes UFC 40 was the turning point in the survival of MMA sport in the United States.

The Ultimate Fighter and the growing popularity.

Faced with the prospect of aliasing, the UFC has withdrawn from pay-per-view and has begun to broadcast on television. After appearing in a series of reality shows, American Casino, and seeing how the series functioned as a promotional vehicle, the Fertitta brothers developed the idea that the UFC has its own reality series.

Ultimate Combatant Logo

His idea, The Ultimate Fighter (TUF), was a reality show starring new MMA fighters competing for a six-figure deal with the UFC, with fighters eliminated from the competition at the US Open. mixed martial arts. It has been presented to several networks, each rejecting the idea. Only when they contacted Spike TV, with an offer to pay the $ 10 million production costs, did they find a point of sale?

In January 2005, Spike TV released Ultimate Fighter 1 after WWE Raw. The show was an instant success, culminating in an extraordinary end of the season with light heavyweight finalists Forrest Griffin and Stephan Bonnar, competing for the right to win the six-figure contract. The live broadcast of the end of the season gave a very good overall score of 1.9. Dana White assigns TUF 1 to the UFC backup.

Following the Griffin / Bonnar finale, a second season of The Ultimate Fighter was released in August 2005 and two more seasons appeared in 2006. Spike and UFC continued to create and broadcast new seasons until What the series goes to FX in 2012.

After the success of The Ultimate Fighter, Spike also chose UFC Unleashed, a one-hour weekly show featuring selected fights from previous events. Spike also signed up for the live broadcast of UFC Fight Night, a series of combat events that began in August 2005, as well as Countdown specials to promote upcoming UFC card payment cards.

After a very successful race at Spike and the imminent announcement of the new relationship between the UFC and Fox, Spike officials made a statement about the end of their partnership with UFC: "The Ultimate Fighter Season September 14 will be ours ... Our six-year partnership with UFC has been incredibly beneficial for the construction of our two brands and we wish them the best for the future. "

With the announcement of the UFC partnership with Fox in August 2011, The Ultimate Fighter, which entered its 14th season in September, was transferred to the FX network for broadcast on Friday night from season 15 to the spring of 2012. In addition to the network change, episodes are now mounted and broadcast in the recording week instead of several months late, and elimination bouts are broadcast live.

MMA Women

Main article: Women of mixed martial arts.

Ronda Rousey was the first UFC women's champion. She defended her 135-pound bantamweight title from March 3, 2012, through November 15, 2015.

On November 16, 2012, on the eve of UFC 154: St. Pierre vs. Condit, Dana White confirmed with Jim Rome that the UFC will present the female MMA with the signature of its first fighter, the bantamweight champion of Strikeforce, Ronda Rousey. Then she became the first female UFC champion, the first Olympic medalist with a UFC title and the first woman to defend a UFC title. She will successfully defend her title six times in a total of 1,074 days, before being defeated by Holly Holm on November 15, 2015, at UFC 193.

On December 11, 2013, the UFC purchased the contracts of 11 wrestlers from the Invicta Combat Championship for the launch of its 115-pound strawweight division. Eight of the Invicta fighters participated in the twentieth season of The Ultimate Fighter, The Ultimate Fighter: Team Pettis against Team Melendez, as well as eight additional fighters who entered the tournament through free practice. Winner of the season, the strawweight champion of Invicta FC, Carla Esparza, became the first UFC straw champion, defeating Rose Namajunas in the final. Felice Herrig, Tecia Torres, Hyatt Beak, Randa Markos, Jessica Penne and Joanna Jędrzejczyk also participated in the show.

International expansion

The first UFC event that took place outside the United States was UFC 8 in Puerto Rico, a US territory, in 1996. Subsequently, the UFC visited 15 countries in Asia, Europe, Oceania, South America, and North America.

Canada has organized 18 events, starting with UFC 83 in 2008 and more recently in 2015 by UFC 186. The largest UFC event to date has also been held in Canada. UFC 129, housed at the Rogers Center, attracted a record 55,724 people.

The United Kingdom has hosted 16 events. The first was UFC 38 held in London in 2002. The UFC returned to the United Kingdom in 2007 with UFC 70 and visited Northern Ireland for UFC 72. The most recent UK event was held in England with UFC 204 in 2016. Ireland had UFC 93 in 2009 and UFC Fight Night: McGregor against Brandao 5 years later. In continental Europe, Germany has received 5 times, the first was UFC 99 in 2009, UFC 122 in 2010, UFC Fight Night: Munoz against Mousasi in 2014, UFC Fight Night: Jędrzejczyk against Penne in 2015 and The last was the UFC fight. Night: Arlovski against Barnett in 2016. Sweden has hosted three times, starting with UFC on Fuel TV: Gustafsson vs. Silva in 2012 and recently by UFC on Fox: Gustafsson vs. Johnson in 2015. Poland had its first event with UFC Fight Night: Gonzaga vs. Cro Cop 2 in 2015. There will also be Fight Night events that will take place in 2016 in Rotterdam, The Netherlands, and Zagreb, Croatia.

The first Brazilian event was UFC Brazil: Ultimate Brazil, held in São Paulo in 1998. The promotion did not return to Brazil until 2011 for UFC 134, but since then the country has organized 20 other events Its last visit was UFC Fight Night: Condit vs. Alves. In 2014, Mexico became the second Latin American country to host an event with UFC 180, followed by a second event, UFC 188, in 2015.

Seven UFC events were held in Australia, starting with UFC 110 in 2010 and most recently in 2015 by UFC 193. New Zealand hosted its first event in 2014, UFC Fight Night: Te Huna vs. Marquardt

In Asia, the UFC visited 5 countries. Japan made its first visit in 1997 to UFC Japan: Ultimate Japan. The UFC returned to the country in 2012 with UFC 144. His last visit was in 2014 as part of the UFC Fight: Hunt vs. Nelson, the seventh edition. The promotion also included 2 visits to the United Arab Emirates. The first one took place in 2010 for UFC 112 and the second one in 2014 for UFC Fight Night: Nogueira vs Nelson. The promotion also visited Macao three times: the Special Administrative Region of China was visited for the first time in 2012 with UFC on Fuel TV: Franklin vs. Le and the last visit in 2014 for UFC Fight Night: Bisping vs. You. The promotion also toured Singapore with Fight Night: Saffiedine vs. UFC Lim in 2014. The Philippines was the last Asian country visited by the UFC, with UFC Fight Night: Edgar vs. Faber in 2015

Ultimate Fighter has also had international editions: Brazil (since 2012), Australia (vs. United Kingdom - 2012), China (2013), Canada (vs Australia - 2014) and Latin America (2014).

TRT Ban

On February 27, 2014, the Nevada State Sports Commission banned the use of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT). The UFC has followed suit and has banned the use of TRT for all its events, even in international markets where the UFC oversees regulatory efforts.

Jjudgment

Main article: Zuffa § Class actions.

In December 2014, several fighters were prosecuted for violating antitrust laws, alleging that the organization restricted fighters' control over their career and earning potential.

Throughout 2015, discussions on the ground and possible classification cases were carried out. In the end, the case was referred to the federal courts of Nevada, where Zuffa was denied his request to defer the discovery of financial data for 15 years.

This has provoked a permanent debate and difficulties on how to handle the confidential information of the UFC and on the people who are likely to consult them. Especially with respect to the founder of MMAFA, Rob Maysey, who played a prominent role in the representation of former athletes and said he hoped to carry out similar reforms to the law Ali (2000).

Later that year, a survey of 12 to 16 months was opened. It is expected to last between September 2016 and January 2017. So far, both parties have provided more than 100,000 documents.

Introduction of the USADA

On July 1, 2015, the UFC anti-doping program was launched. It is administered by the Anti-Doping Agency of the United States, known as "USADA", to protect the rights of all UFC athletes.

The era of effort

In May 2016, ESPN initially announced that the UFC parent company, Zuffa, LLC, was in talks to sell the company between $ 3.5 billion and $ 4 billion. (In 2015, the EBITDA reported by the UFC was between $ 200 million and $ 250 million). As a private company, the UFC or Dana White did not make official comments about the sale. The companies initially interested in the sale were Dalian Wanda Group, China Media Capital and WME - IMG (Endeavor).

On July 9, 2016, it was officially announced that the UFC would sell to a group led by WME - IMG, its owner Silver Lake Partners, Kohlberg Kravis Roberts and MSD Capital, for $ 4.2 billion. At that time, it was the greatest achievement ever achieved in the sport. Lorenzo Fertitta said the new owner, "with whom we have established a solid relationship in recent years, is determined to accelerate the UFC's global growth," and that "they share the same vision and passion." for this organization and its athletes. "Flash Entertainment (owned by the government of Abu Dhabi) will maintain its 10% minority stake in the company, White, who had 9% of UFC, stayed after taking a stake in the new company. Shortly after the sale, it was announced that White would remain president After the sale, Fertitta resigned as President and CEO WME-IMG was renamed Endeavor in September 2017.

In October 2016, MMAJunkie obtained a financial report from the UFC published by Endeavor, indicating that the promotion had reached an annual maximum of $ 609 million in revenue in 2015. 76% of this total was credited to "content" revenue, covering the rights, purchases on demand and subscriptions to the UFC Fight Pass; In turn, 42% of the content revenues were residential pay-per-view purchases, followed by the rights of the international media and the US. UU

ESPN Association

In May 2018, UFC entered into new media rights agreements with Disney Direct-to-Consumer and International and ESPN Inc., succeeding those of 21st Century Fox, as of January 2019. Five-year contracts are valued at $ 300 million per month. -Analy for digital and linear rights, approximately double the amount paid by Fox in the last year of his previous contract and 42 events on ESPN platforms per year. ESPN Linear Networks will show the preliminary UFC PPV maps and 10 UFC events in the ESPN Fight Night events per year. The ESPN + subscription broadcast service will broadcast 20 exclusive events per year under the UFC brand on ESPN + Fight Night; Regardless of the network, all Fight Night events will have a full 12-fight card and their preliminaries will be broadcast exclusively on ESPN +. The ESPN + service will also have on-demand rights for the UFC library and archive content, the new seasons of Dana White's Contender Series and other new original content. The UFC combat pass can be purchased as an ESPN + extension to transmit events to the card.

Global Association M-1

On July 18, 2018, it was announced that the UFC had entered into a partnership with the Russian MMA M-1 Global MMA developer. M-1 Global will serve as an agricultural league in search of Russian fighters on behalf of the UFC and will participate in the organization of UFC events in Russia. The agreement also gives the M-1 champions the opportunity to sign with the UFC. On September 15, 2018, the first UFC event in Russia took place at the Moscow Olympic Stadium.

UFC Anti-Doping Program

The UFC anti-doping program was launched in June 2015. On June 3, 2015, the UFC announced its partnership with the United States Anti-Doping Agency (USADA) in an anti-doping program.

On September 28, 2018, it was reported that the UFC and USADA were giving the UFC fighters time to trial before the results of the possible doping offense were announced after several cases of fighters such as Junior dos Santos, Josh Barnett, and Cris. The cyborg has been informed of possible doping violations, but they are no longer punished after they have been shown to have unwittingly used a drug to improve performance (usually in the form of a contaminated supplement).

Rules

The current rules of the Ultimate Fighting Championship were originally established by the New Jersey Athletic Control Board. The set of "unified rules of mixed martial arts" that New Jersey has established has been adopted in other states that regulate mixed martial arts, including Nevada, Louisiana, and California. These rules are also used by many other promotions in the United States and are mandatory for the states that have adopted them. As a result, they have become the de facto standard set of rules for professional mixed martial arts throughout the country.

Round

The maximum duration of UFC matches varies depending on whether the match is for a championship title or whether it is the main combat of the event of a combat card. In all fights, each round cannot last more than five minutes. Championship fights last a maximum of five rounds. Starting at UFC 138 on November 5, 2011, the "main" fights with "major events" (ie, the last fight on the map) will also last a maximum of five rounds. Non-important event fights last a maximum of three rounds. UFC on FX: Alves against Kampmann presented the first two matches of this organization in its first tournament, which consists of fights that, in case of a tie, qualify for a fourth "sudden victory" to determine the winner, who advances. There is one minute rest period between rounds.

Cage

Shot of octagon while Chris Weidman surprises Anderson Silva at UFC 162.

The UFC organized their fights in an eight-sided compound officially called "The Octagon." Originally, SEG promoted the concept and the term and prevented other mixed martial arts promotions from using the same type of cage, but in 2001, Zuffa authorized other promotions to use cages. octagonal, believing that the young sport needed uniformity to keep working. Win the official sanction. Today, Zuffa reserves the exclusive use of the name "The Octagon".

The UFC cage is an octagonal structure with metal mesh walls covered with black vinyl. The standard octagon has a diameter of 9.1 m (30 feet) with a high fence of 1.8 m (6 feet). The cage rests on a platform, lifting it 1.2 m above the ground. It has foam filling around the top of the fence and between each of the eight sections. It also has two entrance and exit doors facing each other. The rug, painted with logos and sponsorship illustrations, is replaced for each event.

For smaller venues and events, the UFC often uses a smaller cage, which measures just 7.6 m (25 ft).

Team

All competitors are fighting in approved shorts, without shoes. The improvements are only approved for competitors. The required safety equipment includes padded gloves, mouth guards, and protective caps that are held in place with a safety tape for men. Open-toed gloves have at least one inch of padding around the joints (110 to 170 g / 4 to 6 ounces) that allow fingers to hold fingers. To ensure compliance, combatants are controlled by an official of the National Sports Committee before they are allowed to do so. enter the cage/ring.

Originally, the UFC dress code was very open. Many fighters still chose to wear tight-fitting boxers or shorts, while others wore long pants or sweaters. Many wore fighting shoes. Royce Gracie, multi-time tournament champion, wore a Brazilian gi jiu-jitsu in all his first appearances in the UFC (Gracie wore shorts against Matt Hughes in UFC 60), while Art Jimmerson appeared in UFC 1 with a glove of standard boxing. Starting with UFC 133, Dennis Hallman used one in his fight against Brian Ebersole. UFC President Dana White was so furious with the choice of the fighter's dress that gave Ebersole an honor bonus for "getting those scary shorts as soon as possible" to end the fight in the first round. and obtained after the interviews. It is clear that speedo shorts will no longer be tolerated.

Reebok Uniform

On December 2, 2014, the UFC and Reebok held a press conference to announce an exclusive agreement for Reebok to become the global UFC provider beginning in July 2015. The financial terms of the six-year partnership have not been But the UFC officials said that while the agreement represents the most valuable agreement the company has signed for its transmission, the UFC will not benefit directly from the new agreement. Instead, company executives stated that the transaction was structured so that "the vast majority of the proceeds" of the transaction (net of administration costs of the new program) were paid directly to Luchadores de la UFC.

Judgment criteria

The mandatory ten-point system is in effect for all UFC fights; three judges mark each round and the winner of each receives ten points, while the loser receives nine points or less (although 10 to 10 rounds are awarded in the exceptional cases in which a judge believes that the towers were too close to justify donations). to 10 and another 9 fighters.) Scores of 10 to 8 are generally awarded for the dominant rounds and anything that is more dominant is scored less. 10 to 7 rounds are very rare.

Faults

The Nevada Athletic Commission currently lists the following infractions:

Scathing

Removing eyes

Fish fishing

Groin attacks

Small manipulation of the joints.

Hair pattern

Put a finger in a hole or in a cut or laceration of an opponent (see Crochet Fishing)

The throbbing of all kinds, including, without limitation, seizing the trachea

Claw, pinch or twist the meat.

Try to break the bone of an opponent.

Lift an opponent to the net on the head or neck (see Piledriver)

Throw an opponent out of the ring or into a fenced area

Holding an opponent's shorts or gloves

Spit an opponent

Engaging in unsportsmanlike conduct that may cause injury to an opponent

Hold ropes or fence

Use abusive language in the ring or fenced area.

Attack an opponent during or during the break.

Attack an opponent who is in the custody of the referee.

Attack an opponent after the bell rings the end of the turn.

Flagrant ignorance of the referee's instructions

Shyness, which includes, without limitation, avoiding contact with an opponent, intentionally or systematically dropping the mouthpiece or simulating an injury

Interference by the corner

Use of any foreign substance that may give an unfair advantage.

Head blow

Hitting the spine or the back of the head (see Rabbit Fist)

Knockdown with the tip of the elbow (see Elbow 12-6)

Fouls against an opponent on the ground.

Kick an opponent's head on the ground.

Kneeling an opponent's head on the ground (see soccer kick)

Hit an opponent on the ground.

When a foul is committed, the referee may, at his discretion, deduct one or more points as a penalty. If a fault invalidates a fighter, then the fight may end with a disqualification if the fault is intentional or an absence if the fight is not intentional. If a foul prevents a fighter from continuing later in the fight, it ends with a technical decision victory for the injured fighter if the injured fighter is ahead of the points, otherwise, it is a technical draw.

Driving party

After a verbal warning, the referee can stop the fighters and raise them if they are in a dead end in the field (none of them is in a dominant position or seeks to obtain one). This rule is codified in Nevada as a standing rule.

If the referee pauses in the match, it resumes with the fighters in their previous positions.

Entering the cage causes a verbal warning, followed by an attempt by the referee to release the grip by pulling on the hand. If this attempt fails or if the fighter continues to hold the cage, the referee may charge a fault.

The first UFC events did not take into account the verbal combat / "trash speech" in matches. Under unified rules, pranks are allowed before events can increase emotion and allow fighters to express themselves, but abusive language during the fight is prohibited.

Evolution of the rules.

UFC 1 - Although the announcement says there are no rules, there were actually rules: there are no bites, there are no thieves in the eyes and there are no attacks in the groin. The fight ends only in the case of a coup de grace, submission or throwing in the towel. Despite this, the first game of UFC 1 was won by the referee's decision, even though it was not officially recognized as such at that time.

UFC 2 - Groin attacks were not planned. The deadlines have been eliminated, which puts an end to the need for judges. Changes were made to the cage (the fence reached a height of 5 feet but continued to increase in height later and the ground became the canvas that is still used today).

UFC 3 - The referee has officially received the power to stop a fight in case a fighter cannot defend himself. A fighter could not hit if he wore shoes. This rule would then be discarded, then it would be changed to "No kicks on the floor with shoes", then it would be restored, before finally being discarded.

UFC 4: After tournament substitute, Steve Jennum won UFC 3 by winning only one fight, the substitutes had to win a pre-tournament bout to qualify for the replacement role.

UFC 5 - The organizers have introduced a time limit of 30 minutes. UFC 5 also saw the first Superfight match, a unique fight between two competitors selected by the organizers. The winner was crowned "Superfight Champion" and has the mission to defend his title in the next UFC.

UFC 6 - The referee was able to resume the fight. If two fighters were entangled in a position where there was no action, the referee could stop the fight and restart the competitors on their feet, on their own corner. In UFC 6, they officially adopted the 5-minute extension of the 30-minute rule that had been used in CFU 5.

Ultimate 1995: this event was the first to introduce the "No Snags" rule and reinstate the judges. The terms were changed to 15 minutes in the quarterfinals, 18 minutes in the semifinals and 27 minutes in the final.

UFC 8 - Time limits changed to 10 minutes in the first two rounds of the tournament, 15 minutes in the tournament final and Superfight. The time limits would change continuously in subsequent UFC events. Fights can now be decided by a judge's decision if the fight has reached the end of the time limit. The jury was composed of three judges who had simply lifted a letter with the name of the wrestler they considered the winner. In this way, a draw was not possible since the only two possible outcomes of a decision were 3 to 0 or 2 to 1 in favor of the winner.

UFC 9 - To appease local authorities, closed strikes were banned only for this event. The commentators were not aware of this last minute rule to avoid cancellation of the event due to local political pressure. Referee "Big John" McCarthy warned fighters to "open their hands" several times when this rule was broken. However, no fighter was reprimanded. UFC 9 was also the last UFC event to present Superfight.

Ultimate 1996: this event was the first to introduce the "Do not treasure the fence" rule.

UFC 12: the main tournament is divided into a heavyweight division (more than 200 pounds) and a lightweight division (200 pounds and less), and the eight-player tournament has stopped. The fighters only needed to win two fights to win the competition. The title of heavyweight champion (and title fights) was introduced, replacing the Superfight title (although the games were still under the "Superfights" brand for a while).

CFU 14 - The lightweight division has been renamed medium weight. The use of padded gloves, which weigh between 110 and 170 g, becomes mandatory. The gloves had to be approved by the UFC. Tearing the hair, hitting the groin and kicking a fallen opponent has become illegal.

UFC 15 - Limits have been introduced on authorized attack zones. Shots in the head, elbows in the neck and head and manipulation of small joints became illegal.

UFC 21: Five-minute innings have been introduced, with preliminary bouts including two rounds, regular untitled fights in three rounds and title fights in five rounds. The "ten point system" has been introduced to indicate battles (identical to the system widely used in boxing).

UFC 28 - The New Jersey State Sports Commission approves its first UFC event, using the new rules of Unified Martial Arts. Major changes to the UFC rules, with the exception of kicking the head of a defeated opponent, nudging the spine and neck and hitting the back of the neck and head. Restrictions were also introduced on authorized ceremonial dress, medical requirements strict and regulatory supervision. A new weight classification system has also been introduced. This new set of rules is currently the de facto standard for MMA events in the United States and is still used by the UFC.

UFC 31 - The weight classes are aligned with the current standard. The bantamweight moves from 150 to 155 and is known as the lightweight. The lightweight is known as the welterweight, the average weight becomes lightweight, and a new middleweight class of 185 pounds is introduced. Stools and seconds are allowed first in the octagon between rounds.

UFC 43 - In case of a stop, the fight resumes in the position where the fight was stopped.

UFC 94 - After an incident in which Georges St-Pierre was accused of putting Vaseline on his back, the men on the street could not bring Vaseline to the octagon. Vaseline can now only be applied by cutting men employed by UFC.

UFC 97 - Kicking is prohibited. (Only for this event)

UFC 133 - Speedo-style links are prohibited.

UFC 138 - First great tournament without the title.

The best fighter

The fights that occur in The Ultimate Fighter are classified in exhibition games and sanctioned by the NSAC; They do not count in the professional record of a fighter. The results of the matches must not be published immediately either, which allows the results of the matches to remain unknown to the public until the date of the episode's broadcast.

For matches of two rounds, if there is a tie after two rounds, an additional round of five minutes ("sudden victory") is played. If the additional round ends without stopping, the decision of the judges will be based on this last round.

These exhibition matches consist of two or three rounds, according to the rules of each season. In most seasons, the preliminary games (before the semifinals) consisted of two rounds; In the second season, all the games had three rounds. All matches after the first round use three rounds as in the standard UFC fights. In the finals of each series, the division finals have the three standard rounds, plus a fourth round if the judges score a draw.

UFC events

Main article: List of UFC events

Journalists and fanatics of the MMA have criticized the UFC for presenting too many shows and diluting the quality of their products.

Production team

Octagon daughter Arianny Celeste

The comedian, Brazilian jiu-jitsu and black taekwondo belt, Joe Rogan, join player-by-match announcer Jon Anik to comment on the broadcast of most UFC events in the United States. For twenty years, Joe Rogan and Mike Goldberg commented on live events. The "veteran voice of the Octagon" is the presenter Bruce Buffer. Arianny Celeste, Rachelle Leah, Brittney Palmer, Carly Baker, Vanessa Hanson, Chrissy Blair, Jhenny Andrade, Camila Oliveira, Luciana Andrade, Jamilette Gaxiola, and Red Dela Cruz are Octagon girls. The fighter is assigned a cutman for the promotion that heals before the fight and between the rounds. Jacob "Stitch" Duran was one of the best-known court men who worked for the organization. Matches are made by matchmakers and vice president of talent relations, Joe Silva and Sean Shelby.

Wages and contracts

UFC fighters are paid in combat, their numbers depend on their fame and the quality of a fighter's sponsorship and event. Fighters usually receive money to fight, called a show, with an extra bonus if they win, called a victory bonus. While the new UFC fighters can win only $ 10,000 per fight (no bonus), the most established fighters have won between $ 500,000 and $ 1 million per fight. Sometimes the wrestlers will win more. For example, at UFC 202, Conor McGregor posted a record $ 3 million, a record for a fight, while his opponent, Nate Diaz, reported $ 2 million. The combined $ 5 million wrestlers represent the largest combined scholarship in UFC history. Cash bonuses are also awarded for "Night Fight" and "Night Performance" (previously awarded separately with the name "Night KO"). The size of these bonds can sometimes reach 80,000 USD (but usually 50,000 USD). For lesser-known fighters, they can be several times higher than the amount hired for the fight. The amounts contracted must generally be declared to the state sports commission; However, the UFC also pays undisclosed bonuses to the fighters' locker room. In recent years, the contracts and marketing rights of the UFC fighters have been the subject of disputes between fighters (represented by the development of the Mixed Martial Arts Fighters Association) and the UFC, which has tried to defend current regulations.